Jan 292009
 

If you have made an electronic product with a new circuit or code and need to protect it, then these are some Methods. If your Intellectual Property is an Idea, A Hardware Innovation or Software Application; It may need some protection other than patents. Sometimes patents are used for general applications and generic designs. Patent only an Original Idea or Innovation or an Exclusive and Unique Method.

If you are small and the innovation very big, tie up with established companies with reputed brands. If you are a source for a certain product component or module, make certain restriction on patenting products made from it. Else, your Module or Application Sales may be jammed by Panic Patents.

That is the reason, the Platform that fosters innovation is Open Source.

1. Security Bit -
Use for digital logic area, an atmel uC with security bit protection or any uC-uP with internal memory read protected with security bit. the firmware should be kept in tight control from both external people and your employees and must be on a non-networked and non-internet machine.

2. Hermetically seal -
This is a crude and ancient way, delete the chip part numbers and pot it in a plastic can with ciba araldite epoxy with alumina filler, this way product may not be copied and it will be immune to vibration and corrosive environment. but heat dissipation and serviceability is affected, so make a epoxy potted module of only some part of the circuit.

3. Make ASIC or FPGA -
ASIC is only for volume production and is copy protected, if you design in-house and the chip maker you order is trustworthy, then this is ok, for small volume production use FPGA, CPLD, DSP uC or uP with read protection as practical.

4. Go open source -
Design a circuit and put it on the internet to share, let the community use it and improve it, here also revenue is made by service of product, custom design and customer support and this will work long term free of tensions. This way has proved to foster greater innovation and stable technologies.

(my dairy log 2002, Amps-n-Volts June 2005, Now logged here – delabs)

 

LTspice IV – Spice III simulator

LTspice IV is a high performance Spice III simulator, schematic capture and waveform viewer with enhancements and models for easing the simulation of switching regulators.

LTspice Demo Circuit Collection

 

I have corrected, enhanced. moderated my design notes from my earlier Amps-n-Volts News Letter. This was sent thru Your Mailing List Provider for a few years. Even now some errors and misconceptions of mine, might still exist in these posts. Any feedback or correction is welcome. My knowledge is limited to my experience, observation, perception, learning and beliefs, but i have to express my views freely. These posts are mirrored in delabs News and Soldermans Basics. Before you open a PC remove power, telephone modem and LAN cables else finger and screwdriver in wrong place can zap chips. The products [Read More ....]

 
Instrumentation and Automation - 02

In Test and Measurement and Industrial Process Control a common factor is instrumentation. The measuring aspect is common to both. T&M instruments are used in Testing, Research, Automated Testing, Troubleshooting and Servicing. Process control Instruments are used in Production Lines made of Machines in a Factory. It could be Counters and Timers used for Textile or Steel Industry. It can also be Temperature and Pressure Controllers used in Oil Refining or Food Processing. So you see a difference. We have handheld Test Instruments like DMM and Scope and We have Handheld Instruments for Gas Monitoring or Humidity too. In automated [Read More ....]

 

An Embedded Microcontroller or DSP system is made of Chips, Circuits and Firmware. The digital voltage levels, speed, bus width, fan out, power consumption are some factors that a designer has to keep in mind. As portable and wireless gadgets are becoming more popular, RF, Ethernet and Energy Efficient Design aspects should be studied. Power electronics and Analog Circuits knowledge is used around the system, all this is integrated to make an instrument, equipment or gadget. 80C51 ports can sink more current but source very less, hence use a 10k pull up at all the ports or outputs. Firmware must [Read More ....]

 

Product Design includes Schematic and Firmware Design. The Mechanical Engineering that goes into making the enclosure and internal construction is also important. The Electromechanical design which is made of electrical circuit, pcb, panel-parts and cable management is sometimes so involved that it is developed with the help of vendors or suppliers. Product design engineering also needs to take care of the costing and related issues. The costing includes the one time investment on design and tools, even custom Mold-Die, Jigs-Fixtures etc. The engineering costs are amortized over the quantity produced, in a product type life-cycle. Manufacturing small quantities is expensive, [Read More ....]

 

Building discrete semiconductor and passive designs, using Opamps and Mixed Design Circuits are the first step in electronics. Most consumer Electronics have a high analog circuit content. Even in Embedded Systems the interface design that matters for real time systems is an analog circuit. Here are some more analog points in my old notes. The Contact resistance of connectors, thermocouple effects in connectors and solder joints and thermal gradients over the PCB can cause errors when you measure in high resolution. High impedance points of circuit like 500 kilo ohm and above can pick up AC noise and DC leakage [Read More ....]

Jan 162009
 
Learning Electronics - 01

How To Learn Electronics Theory must be studied once and referred again and again as you do practicals. One is by building DIY projects and then modifying them. Also Repair of equipment, troubleshooting, testing and calibrating. Then you know how components behave and real life limitations. Now design and engineer a product and test it at customer site. do a pilot production and test with more clients. Now you will learn to think based on practical application. This invention lead to modern electronics, computers and internet look at this page, Transistor Photo. From Soldermans Basic Electronics History of The Transistor [Read More ....]

 

Selecting the parts for your product design, choosing the components intelligently is a part of Product Design Engineering. Budget, Availability, Size, Alternate Vendors, Product Life and Quantity to be manufactured are some factors that determine the selection of a prudent and experienced design professional. To choose the right type of part, an exhuastive knowledge of the behaviour of passives and discretes is essential. Some points i remember among the things that i learnt the hard way are listed below. Over rate components at least double, if you need a 1A-100V-100uS diode, use a 2A-200V-50uS diode. Electrolytic capacitors have a shelf [Read More ....]

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